f(x) = x^2 is stretched vertically by a factor of 4 and shifted 1 unit down.
equation = ???

Answer:
f(x) = 4x² - 1
Step-by-step explanation:
The given function is; f(x) = x²
Now, when stretched vertically by a factor of 4, we have;
f(x) = 4x²
It's now shifted 1 unit down.. Thus, the final function will be;
f(x) = 4x² - 1