Copper carbonate change its color from green to black on heating due to the decomposition reaction which takes place during the process.
What is Decomposition reaction?
This type of reaction requires the input of energy and is characterized by the reactant being broken down into two or more simpler products such as in the case of the compound known as copper carbonate.
The decomposition reaction of copper carbonate into Copper oxide and Carbon dioxide which can be seen in the formula given below:
CuCO₃ ⇒ CuO + CO₂
Copper oxide is black which explains the color change from green to black in the reaction.
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