Respuesta :
Answer:
Option B, vesicant
Explanation:
The type of chemotherapy drug known to cause severe local tissue breakdown and necrosis if it were to infiltrate from the infusion site and into the skin is called a vesicant. The complication itself is the process of extravasation, in which the medication leaks out of the peripheral vasculature and into the surrounding tissues, exacting damage that, in some cases, can be irreversible.
If this occurs, the infusion should be stopped immediately and the healthcare team notified so that they can aspirate as much of the remaining medication from the patient's intravenous (IV) catheter, administer a reversal agent if available, and discontinue/remove the IV.
In short, these types of chemo drugs are called vesicants, option B.
Option(c) A chemotherapy drug that can cause severe tissue damage when infiltrated into the skin is called a vesicant. These agents can cause severe blistering and necrosis known as extravasation. In health facilities, protocols are in place to safely administer these drugs and to handle any incidents of extravasation.
Option(c) The type of chemotherapy drug that will cause severe local tissue breakdown and necrosis if inadvertently infiltrated into the skin is known as a vesicant. Vesicants are a category of chemotherapeutic agents that can cause severe tissue damage if they escape from the vein during intravenous administration. If these drugs come into contact with the skin or subcutaneous tissues, they can lead to blistering and subsequent tissue necrosis, which is an extreme adverse effect known as extravasation.
There are protocols in place to administer chemotherapy drugs to minimize such risks. For instance, as per Figure 21.7.5, chemotherapy drugs may be delivered directly into the bloodstream via a catheter in a vein. Reducing the toxicity is essential to patient care, and when extravasation occurs, immediate steps are taken to treat the affected area and mitigate damage.
In contrast, while the term extravasation does refer to the leakage of a substance out of a vessel into surrounding tissues, it describes an event or process rather than a property of the drug itself. Similarly, the term intraarterial chemotherapy refers to a route of administration, not a property related to tissue damage upon extravasation.
